Phantse ama-250,000 aBantu abaKhuselweyo ngaphakathi (IDPs) bahlala eHonduras. Leyo yintlanu yeepesenti yabemi bebonke baseHonduras. Bamalunga namawaka amane abanye abantu abaxhalabileyo abavela eHonduras, eCuba, eVenezuela, eKholombiya, e-Ecuador, eHaiti, naseNicaragua.
Iimbacu kunye nabantu abafuna indawo yokhuseleko eHonduras bangamakhulu ambalwa, ingakumbi abasuka eNicaragua. Ezinye izizwe ezikhoyo yi-El Salvador, iCuba, iVenezuela neColombia.
Iimbacu ehlabathini ezisuka eHonduras zingaphezu kwama-50,000. Abafuna indawo yokukhosela abasuka eHonduras bangaphezulu kwe-180,000.
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Ukuba ukhangela umsebenzi, thina hayi i-arhente yokuqesha kodwa funda ngendlela yokukhangela umsebenzi kuqala kwaye okanye uthumele umyalezo ku gjeni.pune@alinks.org malunga nenkxaso yokukhangela umsebenzi wakho.
Yonke inkxaso yethu isimahla. Asinikeli iingcebiso kodwa ulwazi nje. Ukuba ufuna iingcebiso zengcali, siya kukufumanela yona.
Oko kungokwe-Arhente ye-UN yeeMbacu (UNHCR) phakathi ku-2022.
Ukongeza kokunqongophala komsebenzi kwimarike yabasebenzi bendawo, abaqhubi abaphambili bokufuduka kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje kuye kwaba ziintlekele zendalo, njengeNkanyamba uMitch ngo-1998, kodwa kwanembalela eyandisiweyo, izaqhwithi ezitsha, iinkanyamba kunye nezikhukula. Phantse ngaxeshanye, ukwanda kolwaphulo-mthetho olukhokelwa ngamaqela emigulukudu kuye kwavakala kulo lonke ilizwe. Ezi zezona zizathu ziphambili zokufuduka ngenkani kwangaphakathi nakwamanye amazwe. Umbutho weekharavani eziya e-United States nayo ibe yimpendulo ehlangeneyo yabafuduki ekunqongophelweni kokhuseleko lwelizwe kunye nolwamazwe aphesheya aba bantu bajongana nabo kwiindawo abahlala kuzo nakwiindlela zokuhamba.
Ngokutsho kwe-Secretariat of Human Rights, i-247,090 yaseHondurans yafuduswa phakathi kwe-2004 kunye ne-2018. Uninzi lwee-IDPs zifudukela kumasipala omnye, ezinye zifudukela kwidolophu eyahlukileyo, kwaye ezinye kwisebe elahlukileyo. Abantu bayafuduka ngenxa: yezigrogriso, ukubulawa, ukungakwazi ukuhamba, ukwenzakala, ukuphangwa, nokuhlaselwa ngokwesondo.
Ngokolu phando, iindawo zemvelaphi yokufuduswa zinxulunyaniswa neendawo ezinezehlo ezinkulu zokubulala, ebeziyimimandla yasezidolophini elawulwa ziimaras: iTegucigalpa, iSan Pedro Sula, iLa Ceiba, neCholoma.
Abantu abanyanzelwa ukuba bafuduke kwimisebenzi yempangelo, imfundo, indawo yokuhlala, kunye neemeko zempilo azizange ziphucuke ngenxa yokufuduka kwangaphakathi kodwa zaba mbi ngakumbi, mhlawumbi okukhokelela ekufudukeleni phesheya kweelwandle.
Phakathi kowama-2015 kunye no-2020, bekukho abantu abangama-338,444 ababuyileyo okanye abagxothiweyo bevela kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi liphela, kunye ne-United States ne-Mexico zibalelwa kwisabelo sengonyama. Ngethuba lonyaka wesikolo we-2018-2020, abantwana abangama-37,874 babuyiselwe, kunye ne-60.4% ngamadoda kunye nama-39.6% ngabasetyhini. I-Mexico ithathe i-87.5% yenani lilonke lembuyekezo engephi.
Ngubani imbacu eHonduras?
EHonduras, ngokutsho koMthetho wokufuduka kunye noMthetho waManye amazwe, iimbacu ngabo bantu
1) “Ngenxa yoloyiko olunesiseko olunesiseko sokutshutshiswa ngenxa yezizathu zobuhlanga, inkolo, ubuzwe, ukuba neqela elithile lezentlalo okanye lezopolitiko, kunye neembono zabo zingaphandle kwelizwe lobuzwe babo kwaye abakwazi okanye abafuni ukuzinceda. lokukhuselwa kwelizwe labo ngenxa yolo loyiko;
2) Ngenxa yokungabikho kobuzwe kunye nezizathu ezichazwe kwinombolo yangaphambili, bangaphandle kwelizwe apho bahlala khona. kwaye awukwazi okanye ungafuni ukubuyela kuyo;
3) Baye babaleka ilizwe labo ngenxa yokuba ubomi babo, ukhuseleko okanye inkululeko yabo iye yasongelwa ngenxa yaso nasiphi na kwezi zizathu zilandelayo;
a) Ubundlobongela obuqhelekileyo, obumandundu nobuqhubekayo;
b) Uhlaselo lwangaphandle oluqondwa njengokusetyenziswa komkhosi oxhobileyo nguRhulumente ngokuchasene nokongamela, imfezeko yommandla okanye ukuzimela geqe kwezopolitiko kwelizwe lemveli;
c) Ungquzulwano lwezixhobo lwangaphakathi oluvela phakathi kwemikhosi exhobileyo yelizwe ababaleka kulo kunye nemikhosi exhobileyo okanye amaqela;
d) Ubundlobongela obugqithileyo, obusisigxina kunye nobucwangcisiweyo obuchasene namalungelo oluntu; kwaye,
e) Ukuba batshutshiswe ngobundlobongela obuphathelele kwezesondo okanye ezinye iintlobo zentshutshiso yesini esekelwe ekunyhashweni kwamalungelo oluntu abhalwe kwizixhobo zamazwe ngamazwe.
Bonke abo bantu baxhomekeke ngokuthe ngqo kwimbacu nababumba iqela lentsapho nabo baya kuthathwa njengeembacu; ngokunjalo, abantu abahamba nembacu okanye bathe bathelela kuye kamva, logama nje bephantsi kokuxhomekeka kwakhe.
Ubume bembacu buya kulahleka ngenxa yezi zizathu zilandelayo:
1) Ukushiya ilizwe ngaphandle kwemvume ehambelanayo evela kugunyaziwe ofanelekileyo;
2) Ukwenza izenzo ezibeka emngciphekweni ulongamo nokhuseleko lukaRhulumente;
3) Ngokwenza izenzo ezisongela ubudlelwane obuhle phakathi kweHonduras kunye namanye aMazwe; kwaye,
4) Ukwenziwa kolwaphulo-mthetho kummandla wesizwe. Kwimeko yokuqala, ukugxothwa kuya kuqhubeka, kwaye kwiimeko ezintathu zokugqibela, ukuxoshwa. Kwimeko yokuvuma ukugxothwa okanye ukugxothwa komntu ofuna indawo yokukhosela, naphantsi kwaziphi na iimeko akayi kunikezelwa kwilizwe elifunwa ngurhulumente.
Ngaba iHonduras ikhuselekile kwiimbacu kunye nabafuna indawo yokhuseleko?
Ngokutsho kweSebe le-US State, abafuduki, ngokukodwa ababaleki, bajoliswe ngamaqela olwaphulo-mthetho, urhulumente waseHonduran akakwazi okanye akafuni ukuyilawula ngenxa yenkohlakalo engapheliyo kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwamagosa karhulumente kunye nemibutho yobugebengu.
Ngasekupheleni kuka-Epreli ka-2020, iSebe lezoBulungisa laseMelika lamangalela owayesakuba yintloko yamaPolisa eSizwe eHonduran, emtyhola ngokuxhaphaza isikhundla sakhe sokuthotyelwa komthetho njengenxalenye yeyelenqe elibandakanya abezopolitiko abakwizikhundla eziphezulu zaseHonduran, kubandakanya nomongameli wangoku. Ngokutsho kweHuman Rights Watch, “ukungohlwaywa ngolwaphulo-mthetho nokunyhashwa kwamalungelo abantu kuyinto eqhelekileyo” eHonduras.
Abantu abafuna indawo yokukhosela eHonduras babeka emngciphekweni wengozi kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokuba sesichengeni njengeembacu, kodwa nangenxa yohlanga lwabo, ubuzwe, isini, utyekelo lwezesondo, kunye nobuni babo.
Abasetyhini baseHonduran, abantwana, kunye nabantu be-LGBT basengozini yobundlobongela, abaninzi baphoqeleka ukuba babalekele isizwe befuna ukhuseleko. EHonduras, abantu bomthonyama kunye nenzala yama-Afro bajongana nezoyikiso kunye nobundlobongela.
Imithombo: Uncedo lweUNHCR eHonduras, Uphuhliso oluDibeneyo loLuntu kwiHonduras
Umfanekiso ongaphandle ukwindawo ethile eSanta Rosa de Copán, eHonduras. Ifoto ngu UAron Umthwalo on Unsplash