Indlela yokufudukela eMpuma yeMeditera

Indlela yokufudukela eMpuma yeMeditera ibhekisa kumnyango osuka eTurkey ukuya eGrisi, eBulgaria, okanye eCyprus. Ukususela ngo-2008, le ndlela ikhule ngokubaluleka njengendlela yokungena kwi-EU.

I-Frontex, amapolisa asemngceleni we-EU, afumanisa ngaphezu kwe-50% abafuduki abangaqhelekanga abazama ukungena kwi-EU ngendlela yaseMpuma yeMeditera kwi-2014 kune-2013. Kwi-2014, ukufunyanwa kwe-50,834 kwenziwa, xa kuthelekiswa ne-24,799 kwi-2013.

Kwikota yesithathu ka-2014, inani labafunyaniswe kwindlela yaseMpuma yeMeditera laliphindwe kathandathu kunekota yesithathu ka-2013. Phantse i-87 pesenti yabo bonke abafunyaniswayo basebenzisa indlela yolwandle ukungena kwi-EU.

Turkey ukuya eGrisi

Ukususela ngo-2009, ngenxa yokwanda kokujikeleza kunxweme lwaseGrisi, abafuduki abangaqhelekanga baqala ukusebenzisa iindawo zokuwela umhlaba kunokuba basebenzise imida yaselwandle. Inani labafuduki abafunyenwe kwi-Evros River basin likhule ngama-40% kwiinyanga ezintlanu zokuqala zika-2011, ukusuka kwi-6,287 yokufunyanwa ngexesha elifanayo ngo-2010 ukuya kwi-8,738 yokufunyanwa. Ukuphindaphinda kokufunyanwa kwenyuka ngakumbi emva kokuba iGrisi yakha ucingo kunye nomda wayo kunye neTurkey ekupheleni kwe-2012, inqumle umzila we-Evros River. Ngo-2012, iinzame zokuphucula imida yomhlaba weTurkey-Greek ziye zabangela ukwanda kwabantu abasuka kunxweme lwaseTurkey besiya kwiziqithi zaseGrisi, kwaza kwabakho ukwanda kwabantu abafudukela eBulgaria.

Ukwehla okubalulekileyo kwabafuduki abangaqhelekanga abawela umda ukuya eGrisi bedlula kuMlambo i-Evros kwathomalaliswa kukunyuka kwabafuduki abahamba ngesikhephe benqumla i-Turkey kwiziqithi ezininzi zaseGrisi kuLwandle lwe-Aegean. IMytilini, iSamos, iChios, neLeros ziphakathi kwezo ziqithi. Olunye utshintsho olubalulekileyo yaba kukwazisa kukarhulumente waseTurkey uhambo olungena-visa kumazwe amaninzi ase-Afrika, nto leyo eyavumela abafuduki base-Afrika ukuba bandwendwele iTurkey ngokusemthethweni ngenqwelomoya ngaphambi kokuba bawelele kwi-EU njengabaphambukeli abangaqhelekanga bedlula eGrisi naseBulgaria.

iindleko

I-Evros River isetyenziswe luninzi lweembacu ukuya eGrisi ukusuka eTurkey ngo-2012. Abantu baseMpuma Afrika kunye nabase-Afrika baseNtshona bahlawula phakathi kwe-€ 2,000 kunye ne-€ 3,000, ngelixa abantu baseMntla Afrika bahlawula phakathi kwe-€ 1,000 kunye ne-1,500 ye-euro ukusuka eTurkey ukuya eGrisi ngo-2012. Ngokutsho kweziphathamandla zaseGrike, iGrisi , i-Greece i-2,000 ixabisa i-euro ukusuka eTurkey ukuya kwi-3,000 ukuya eTurkey. uhambo olusuka eGrisi ukuya eItali lunokubiza i-2,500 ukuya kwi-3,000 yee-euro ezongezelelweyo. Umahluko phakathi kwale mithombo mibini yolwazi (abafuduki kunye nabasemagunyeni) yenziwa ngabasemagunyeni abaqokelela idatha ekhuselekileyo, kwaye ke kubiza kakhulu, iindlela zothutho ezisetyenziswa luninzi lwabafuduki.

Imithombo: IYunivesithi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo - Iindlela zokuFuduka ezingaqhelekanga eziya eYurophu kunye nezinto eziphembelela uKhetho lweNdawo yokuFikela yabafuduki

Ifoto ngu Andrae Ricketts on Unsplash