Ama-Afghan, ama-Irani, amaPakistani, ama-Iraqi, nama-Syria aphakathi kwabaphambukeli abasuka eNtshona naseMazantsi e-Asiya ukuya kwiMeditera. Nangona kunjalo, ekuphela kolwazi olufumanekayo kubafuduki abangaqhelekanga abahamba le ndlela yayilinganiselwe kuma-Afghans kunye namaPakistani. Iindlela ezichanekileyo zabaphambukeli base-Afghan nasePakistani abaya eYurophu azaziwa. Kwaye kukho ulwazi oluncinci malunga neendlela ezisetyenziswa ngabantu baseSyria, ama-Iraqi, nama-Irani, umzekelo.
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokuthutyeleziswa kwabafuduki base-Afghan abangaqhelekanga ukuya eGrisi isuka e-Afghanistan idlula e-Iran, emva koko iye eTurkey, kwaye ekugqibeleni iye eGrisi. Iindawo zokusuka ngaphakathi eAfghanistan zinefuthe kwiindlela zokufuduka ngokuyinxenye.
Abantu base-Afghan abasuka emazantsi nasempuma yesizwe, umzekelo, bathanda ukungena ePakistan kuqala, kodwa abafuduki abavela entshona yeAfghanistan badlula ngqo eIran.
Iran
I-Iran ilikhaya kwinani elikhulu lama-Afghans, i-Iraqis, kunye namaPakistanis. I-Afghanistan kunye nePakistani basebenzisa i-Iran njengelizwe elibalulekileyo lokuhamba. Kwaye la maqela abonisa intshukumo ebalulekileyo yeTurkey ukuya eGrisi. Uninzi lwabantu luwela umda weIran ngeenyawo okanye ngemoto, emva koko bathathe imoto okanye iveni ukuya kwisixeko saseZahedan ngaphambi kokuba baqhubele phambili ukuya kwindawo yaseIran eSalmas nase-Orumijeh. Iphondo laseTehran liyindawo ebalulekileyo apho abafuduki baququzelela amalungiselelo kunye nabarhwebi abathubelezisayo kwaye balinde ixeshana ngaphambi kokuba baqhubekele kwinqanaba elilandelayo lohambo lwabo, olufikelela kwi-Orumijeh kunye nentaba yeSalmas.
Abafuduki basePakistan bahlala behamba kwiidolophu zaseQuetta naseBalochistan ngaphambi kokuwela umda weIran. AmaPakistani afunyaniswa ukuba ahamba ngendlela efanayo ukuya kubantu base-Afghan, abaninzi bedlula kwisixeko saseQuetta ngaphambi kokuba baqhubeke.
Greece kunye Turkey
Emva kokuwela i-Iran, abafuduki bengamaqela abantu abangama-50 ukuya kwabali-100 banokuwela umda waseIran-Turkish ngeenyawo ubusuku bonke, bekhokelwa ngabarhwebi ababini. Aba bafuduki abangabhalwanga phantsi emva koko bakhwela ibhasi eya eTurkey. ETurkey, iindawo zokumisa zokuqala zihlala kwizixeko zephondo laseVan, ukusuka apho abafuduki beqhubeka khona ukuya e-Istanbul.
Abafuduki baya kuzama ukufikelela kunxweme lwaseGrisi ngoncedo lwabashushumbisi kude kube ngu-2016. Oku kutshintshile kwiminyaka yamuva nje, abaninzi bazama ukuya eGrisi okanye eBulgaria ngomhlaba.
Ngenxa yophuhliso lweMarike eNye yaseYurophu ngeminyaka yoo-1980, abantu abaninzi basePakistan bafudukela eGrisi, kwaye abafuduki abaninzi babelindele ukuba bangakwazi ukuhamba ngokulula kwindawo yangaphambili yoQoqosho lwaseYurophu. IGrisi okwangoku yeyona ndawo iphambili yohambo lwabantu abaninzi basePakistan abangabhalwanga bazama ukuya kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu.
iindleko
Ngo-2007, iindleko zokuhamba ukusuka e-Afghanistan bekulindeleke ukuba zibe malunga ne-5,500 €, ukunyuka ukuya phakathi kwe-€ 7,000 kunye ne-€ 12,000 ngo-2009, kwaye ishiye phakathi kwe-€ 4,500 kunye ne-€ 5,500 ngo-2010. Ngenxa yokuncipha kwemfuno, iindleko zendlela eya. IGreece yabemi basePakistan iye yancipha ngokukhawuleza ngo-2012.
Imithombo: IYunivesithi yeZizwe eziManyeneyo - Iindlela zokuFuduka ezingaqhelekanga eziya eYurophu kunye nezinto eziphembelela uKhetho lweNdawo yokuFikela yabafuduki
Ifoto ngu Cami Talpone on Unsplash.
Shiya iMpendulo