Ngaphambi kokutyala imali kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokuhlala yaseOstreliya, abantu abangahlaliyo kufuneka bafumane IBhodi yoHlolo loTyalo-mali lwangaphandle (FIRB) ugunyaziso. Ngokwemigaqo ye-FIRB, inzala inokuthi, kodwa ayifuneki, iqulathe:
- ukutyikitya isivumelwano esingenamiqathango sokuthenga indlu okanye inxalenye yendlu.
- i-real estate mortgage security interest, nokuba umnini wepropati ngummi wase-Australia okanye umhlali osisigxina.
- inketho enika ilungelo lokuthenga ipropati ngexabiso elichaziweyo mva.
- ilungiselelo lokuqeshisa, ngelo xesha kuthengwa inzala kwisivumelwano, linethuba elifanelekileyo lokuhlala ixesha elingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.
- ukwandisa umdla okhoyo womntu wangaphandle kwinxalenye yobunini bepropati.
Ungayithenga njani indlu eOstreliya njengomntu wasemzini
Ngaphambi kokutyala imali kuyo nayiphi na indawo yokuhlala yaseOstreliya, abantu abangahlaliyo kufuneka bafumane IBhodi yoHlolo loTyalo-mali lwangaphandle (FIRB) ugunyaziso. Ngokwemigaqo ye-FIRB, inzala inokuthi, kodwa ayifuneki, iqulathe:
- ukutyikitya isivumelwano esingenamiqathango sokuthenga indlu okanye inxalenye yendlu.
- i-real estate mortgage security interest, nokuba umnini wepropati ngummi wase-Australia okanye umhlali osisigxina.
- inketho enika ilungelo lokuthenga ipropati ngexabiso elichaziweyo mva.
- ilungiselelo lokuqeshisa, ngelo xesha kuthengwa inzala kwisivumelwano, linethuba elifanelekileyo lokuhlala ixesha elingaphezu kweminyaka emihlanu.
- ukwandisa umdla okhoyo womntu wangaphandle kwinxalenye yobunini bepropati.
Abantu basemzini banokuthenga indawo yotyalo-mali eOstreliya, kodwa kukho imimiselo yohlobo lwezindlu abanokuzithenga.
Ukuvunywa kokuthenga ipropathi yotyalo-mali abayithandayo, abantu bamanye amazwe okanye abangahlaliyo kufuneka benze isicelo kwi-FIRB.
Ngokworhulumente waseburhulumenteni, utyalomali lwangaphandle kufuneka luhanjiswe kumakhaya amatsha, imisebenzi yokwakha iyenziwa kwaye uqoqosho luphela lukhuthaziwe.
Nangona utyalomali lwangaphandle kwicandelo learhente yokuthengisa izindlu nomhlaba lunokunyusa ingeniso kurhulumente, umzekelo ngerhafu kunye nezitampu, I-FIRB iqaphela ukuba umgaqo wotyalo-mali kwipropathi ngowona mgaqo uphambili apho izicelo zihlala ziqwalaselwa
Ngenxa yale ithiyori, abatyali mali bangaphandle banokuthenga ezi ndidi zilandelayo zezindlu:
Izakhiwo ezitsha: Ngaphandle kwemiqathango, zamkelwa.
Umhlaba ongenamntu
Abaphuhlisi bavunyelwe ukuba baphuhlise le propati. Ukuba ulwakhiwo lwendlu lwacwangciswa kwiminyaka emi-4.
Izindlu ezisekwe
Abathengi bamanye amazwe banokuzithenga ezi kuphela ukuba banqwenela ukunkqonkqoza. Yakha kwakhona izindlu esele zikho ezinamanani aphezulu kunangaphambili. Ukuba umtyali-mali welinye ilizwe, umzekelo, uthenge isakhiwo, uyadilizwa kwaye kufakwe ezinye izindlu ezimbini.
Ukuthenga indlu oza kuhlala kuyo
Ukuba abantu bamanye amazwe banokuhlala okwethutyana e-Australia, baya kuthenga indlu yokuhlala.
Yintoni onokucinga ngayo ngaphambi kokuba utyale imali?
Kuya kufuneka uthathele ingqalelo into eyenza ipropathi yotyalo-mali elungileyo. Njengoko inokwahluka kwilizwe lakho ukuba ungumphambukeli ofuna ukuthenga ipropathi e-Australia.
Indawo yindawo ephambili ye-Australia, eneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zabantu. Apha abantu bayakonwabela ukusondela kwi-CBD okanye elunxwemeni.
Indawo ekuma kuyo kufuneka ibe nokukhula kwemali eyinkunzi. Kufuneka ibango liphezulu kwaye uninzi lubhenele kubanini.
Kuya kufuneka uqale ucinge malunga nepropathi kunye nenani elifanelekileyo labantu. Ukuba ungathanda ukuhlala apho wakube uzinzile endaweni.
Yeyiphi indlela ye-FIRB yokucela?
Abangaphandle kufuneka bavunyelwe ukuba banomdla kwipropathi ngaphambi kokuba i-FIRB ifumane umdla. Inzala ibandakanya izinto ezinje ngokusayina ikhontrakthi engenamiqathango. Okanye ukhetho olukuvumela ukuba uthenge ipropathi kwixesha elizayo ngexesha ekuvunyelwene ngalo.
- Cofa u'Qalisa isicelo sakho''Utyalomali lwangaphandle e-Australia 'iphepha. Ukutyelela iwebhusayithi yeofisi yerhafu yase-Australia (i-ATO).
- Gcwalisa le fomu ngayo yonke imininingwane yakho yobuqu, ipaspoti kunye ne-visa enxulumene nayo.
- Nika ulwazi malunga nendlu ofuna ukuyithenga.
- Hlawula umrhumo ofanelekileyo, utyikitye kwaye ufake isicelo.
- Lindela ngaphambi kokuba uve isigwebo sesicelo.
- Isigqibo soku uthathwe ulawulwa lixesha elisemthethweni leentsuku ezingama-30 kunye nezinye iintsuku ezili-10.
Imirhumo kunye nezohlwayo ze-FIRB
Isixa-mali sixhomekeke kwisixa esixhomekeke kwixabiso lokuthengisa lepropati. Njengenxalenye yenkqubo yesicelo seFIRB.
Iintlawulo ziboniswa kolu luhlu lulandelayo:
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga elingaphantsi kwesigidi seedola zase-Australia (AUD) yi-5,700 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwesigidi esinye se-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezibini yi-11,500 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezibini ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezintathu yi-23,100 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezintathu ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwezigidi ezine ze-AUD yi-34,600 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezine ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezihlanu yi-46,200 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezihlanu ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezithandathu yi-57,700 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezithandathu ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezisixhenxe yi-63,300 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezisixhenxe ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezisibhozo yi-80,900 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezisibhozo ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezilithoba yi-92,600 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Umrhumo wexabiso lokuthenga phakathi kwezigidi ezisithoba ze-AUD ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-AUD yezigidi ezilishumi yi-104,100 yeedola zase-Australia (AUD).
Ngothengiso olugqithe kwizigidi ezili-10 zeedola, abatyali zimali bamanye amazwe kufuneka banxibelelane ne-ATO kuqikelelo lomrhumo.
Ukuba umphambukeli uthenga indawo ngaphandle kwemvume. Umntu wasemzini unokuhlawuliswa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-166,500 yeedola okanye avalelwe iminyaka emithathu. Ukuba ishishini lenza okufanayo, liya kujongana nezohlwayo eziya kuthi ga kwi-832,000 yeedola. Izohlwayo ezifanayo zisebenza kubantu abala ukuthengisa iipropati zabo. Xa beyeka ukuhlala apho okanye xa besilela ukuphuhlisa ipropati yabo kwisithuba esichaziweyo seminyaka emine.
Ukukhululwa kwabahlali bamazwe aphesheya e-Australia
Ukuba ungummi wase-Australia phesheya kolwandle, ngekhe ube nemigaqo kutyalo-mali lwangaphandle. Olunye udidi luya kuxolelwa.
- Amaqela akhutshelwe ngaphandle kweenqobo zokuvunywa kwe-FIRB ngala:
- Abantu base-Australia
- Abantu baseNew Zealand
- Abanini abasisigxina bevisa zaseAustralia
Abaphambukeli bathenga ipropathi njengabahlali abadibeneyo neqabane elidibana nenye yezi zinto zingasentla.
Ngaba abatyali mali banokuthenga ipropathi yokuhlala kunye neyeshishini?
Ukuzinza kunye nokukhula ayizizo nje iimpawu zezakhiwo zokuhlala, iiholo zedolophu, kunye neeyunithi.
Uninzi lweenkampani ezinjengeeofisi, oovimba, kunye neevenkile zentengiso zingqineke ziyanelisa.
Abatyalomali abaninzi bamanye amazwe bathanda ukukhetha iivenkile, imivalo, iifama zenkampani, kunye nolwakhiwo lweendawo zokuhlala kunye namashishini.
Utshintsho kumthetho wotyalomali lwangaphandle
URhulumente wase-Australia wazise imigaqo emitsha yokuthenga ipropathi yase-Australia kubathengi bangaphandle ngoDisemba 2015.
Umthetho omtsha ufuna abathengi abangabaqeshi ukuba batyale imali kuphela kumakhaya amatsha, kwizakhiwo ezingaphandle kwesicwangciso, kunye nezithuba zokwakha.
Kuba bengengabo abaqeshi ngaphandle kokuba banqwenela ukudiliza ikhaya. Kwaye uyakhe kwakhona kwisithuba seminyaka emine yomhla wokuvunywa. Abayi kuvunyelwa ukuba bathenge amakhaya akhoyo. Ukucoca, ukulungiswa kufuneka kusetyenziswe kwisitokhwe sezindlu.
Uhlaziyo lotyalo mali lwangaphandle lubandakanya ukuvunywa kwabangengobemi abathenga iipropathi eOstreliya
Inkqubo yokuthenga
Phambi kwakho uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali kunye nexesha elifanelekileyo
Kubalulekile ukuba ujonge ipropathi yakho e-Australia, uyilungiselele kwaye uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali ngayo.
Unokucinga ngendawo, kodwa kuhlala kunceda ukuthetha ne-arhente enokukunika ingcebiso yendawo ukuba ukhethe indawo engabizi mali eninzi.
Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukuba unakho ukuyifumana indlu.
Awuzukubolekwa ziibhanki zase-Australia ngaphandle kokuba ubonakalisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuhlawula ityala kwaye ufuna uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali olufanelekileyo nolufikelelekayo.
Isigaba 1 - Misela iqela lakho lobugcisa kunye
Umthumeli
- Ukwenza umsebenzi wakho wezomthetho, uyakufuna iarhente yokuhambisa okanye igosa.
- Indima yabo kukukhangelwa kwepropathi, ukuphatha ukuhanjiswa kobunini kunye nokujonga kwakhona ikhontrakthi.
- Yigcine engqondweni into yokuba umntu ophethe igama lakho kufuneka abe ngaphakathi okanye ubuncinci avunyelwe ukuba asebenze kuloo meko.
- Kukwimeko efanayo nepropathi oyithengayo.
- Iiarhente zokuhlala zaziwa ngokuba yiNtshona Ostreliya (WA).
Ukuba awunayo, nceda ujonge uluhlu lwethu lokuhanjiswa okucetyiswayo.
Kuqhelekile ukuba i-immobilizer icebise umphathi. Kodwa ukuba ukhetha umphathi ongakhethi cala.
Ukunyusa umzimba
Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeqela lakho leengcali yimali mboleko elungileyo yase-Australia. Umrhwebi onamava ekuncedeni abangahlaliyo ukufaka isicelo semali mboleko.
Abarhwebi akufuneki bajonge ipropathi abayithengayo ukuze banxibelelane nabo. Naphi na apho bakhoyo e-Australia kwaye iinkonzo zabo zisimahla kwimali mboleko yokuhlala kunye nemali mboleko.
Siyingcali yemali-mboleko engeyiyo eyokuhlala kwaye sibambe iPhepha-mvume lokuthenga ngetyala lase-Australia.
Sineqela elimalunga nama-40 ababolekisi. Oko kuqinisekisa ukuba imeko yakho kunye neemfuno zakho kuMbutho woBambiso kunye neMali, e-Australia.
Sinokuxhasa ngezimali iipropathi kwi-Australia iphela kwaye sisebenze nababoleki bamanye amazwe.
Sineqela elimalunga nama-40 ababolekisi.
Oko kuqinisekisa ukuba imeko yakho kunye neemfuno zakho ziyafezekiswa kolona hlobo lubambiso kuwe.
Fumanisa ukuba umrhwebi wobambiso uluncedo njani kuwe.
Ummeli wabaThengi (ukuba uyafuneka)
Iarhente yomthengi nayo iluncedo kakhulu. Ukuba ubekwe phesheya kwaye awukwazi ukujonga ipropathi yakho oyithengileyo. Iarhente yomthengi inowona msebenzi uphambili wokubonelela ngepropathi kunye nokuthethathethana kakhulu ngawe. Uya kujongana nezinto ezingasebenziyo kwaye uqiniseke ukuba ipropathi oyithengayo lithuba elihle.
Umenzeli wakho womthengi ufuna iphepha-mvume kwaye kufuneka abe kwimeko apho uthenga khona ipropathi. Qaphela ukuba iarhente yabathengi kufuneka inike iingcebiso ezizimeleyo kunye nenjongo. Akufanele bathengise iipropathi zabo.
Xa uthengisa ipropathi yakho okanye uyalelwa ngumphuhlisi.
Uyiarhente yokuhambisa izinto kumthengisi!
Abanye abarhwebi babiza umrhumo osisigxina ngelixa abanye behlawulisa intlawulo yokuqala kunye nepesenti yexabiso lokuthenga lepropathi.
Ukuba ufuna uncedo, sinokuqhagamshelana neearhente zomthengi ezidumileyo.
Inyathelo lesi-2 – Fumana imali-mboleko yakho kwangethuba
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukukhangela ipropathi, kufuneka ufumane imvume kwangaphambili. Izakhiwo ezilungileyo azihlali ixesha elide kwintengiso!
Umthengi uhlala ethatha olona tyalo mali lubalaseleyo ngaphambi kokuvunywa. Ngelixa abanye beqokelela izicelo zabo zobambiso. Uyiarhente yokuhambisa izinto kumthengisi!
Abanye abarhwebi babiza umrhumo omiselweyo ngelixa abanye behlawulisa intlawulo yokuqala kunye nepesenti yexabiso lokuthenga lepropathi. Ukuba ufuna uncedo, sinokuqhagamshelana neearhente zomthengi ezidumileyo.
Ngapha koko, uyazi ukuba ungaboleka malini kwaye ukulungele ukubolekwa imali.
Kutheni uchitha ixesha lakho ufuna ikhaya okanye iyunithi ukuze ufumanise ukuba akunakwenzeka ukufumana imali-mboleko?
Yiyo loo nto sikukhuthaza ngamandla ukuba ungathengi ipropathi eza kuhlala ngaphezulu kweenyanga ezintathu. Ukuvunywa kwakho kwangaphambili kuyaphelelwa, kwaye ukuba imali-mboleko ayinakukunceda kamva.
Inyathelo lesi-3 – Cela imali-mboleko
Njengomntu ongahlaliyo, ukufaka isicelo semali mboleko kunokuba nzima, unikwe ubunzima beendlela zokubolekisa.
Bambalwa kunababolekisi abambalwa kule ndawo, ngakumbi abatyali mali bangaphandle.
Sikhuphe isikhokelo esiluncedo esibonisa amaxabiso enzala abatyali mali bamanye amazwe aseAustralia.
Qinisekisa ukuba onke amaxwebhu emali-mboleko ayimfuneko ukubonisa ubungqina bengeniso alungisiwe. Njengokubhatala, ukubuyisa irhafu, kunye neleta yengqesho.
Kwimeko yakho, unokufumana izikhokelo zekhredithi ezithile apha:
Abatyalomali abavela ngaphandle: ukuba ufuna ukuthenga ipropathi yotyalo-mali e-Australia. Ungummi welinye ilizwe.
Inyathelo lesi-4 - Khangela ukuba ufanelekile na kwi-FIRB.
Ukuba iBhodi yoPhononongo loTyalo-mali lwangaphandle (i-FIRB) ivumela ukuthengwa kwepropathi e-Australia. Ngokomthetho, awunguye umhlali okanye umnini wevisa okwexeshana.
Akukho lungiselelo lokuvunywa yi-FIRB kubemi base-Australia. Abemi abasisigxina baseAustralia kunye nabemi baseNew Zealand (NZ).
Indlela yokufumana imvume ye-FIRB ithatha iiveki ezimbini ukusukela kumhla wokugcwaliswa kwesicelo.
Iirhafu zinokwahluka ngokwexabiso lepropathi okanye intsimi ofuna ukuyithenga:
Isigidi esinye seedola okanye ngaphantsi: iidola ezingama-5800
Isigidi esinye seedola ukuya kwiidola ezili-1: iidola ezili-1,999,999
Isigidi esinye seedola ukuya kwiidola ezili-2: iidola ezili-2,999,999
Izigidi ezithathu zeedola ukuya kwiidola ezingama-3,999,999: iidola ezingama-32,500 XNUMX
Isine ukuya kwesine, iidola ezingama-999,99
Isinyathelo 5 - Khangela indlu
Ngoku lixesha lokundwendwela i-Australia kunye nokwazisa ngokufuna ipropathi.
Iarhente yomthengi yenye indlela (jonga ngasentla). Kungayinto elungileyo ukusebenzisa ukuthengisa ngokulinganayo ukuxabisa ipropathi ukuba ukhetha ukungasebenzisi iarhente yomthengi. Qiniseka ukuba ulinganisa iiasethi zakho kunye neepropathi ezifanayo ezinokuthengiswa ngaphandle. Ke ufumana ixabiso elithile.
Ibhanki oyikhethileyo iyakuxabisa nepropathi ngomthengisi wakho wobambiso. Awuthengi ngaphambi kokuba yenzeke, kuba iyakukugcina kwintlawulo eninzi. Ingxaki kukuba iibhanki azisoloko zikuxelela ukuba uvavanyo lufutshane!
Inyathelo lesi-6 – Xoxa ngexabiso lokuthenga
Iipropathi zase-Australia zithengisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10% ngaphantsi kwexabiso elichaziweyo.
Isikhundla kunye nohlobo lwepropathi zahlukile ngokuxhomekeke kwintengiso. Ukufumana ngakumbi malunga nentengiso, unokujonga iiprofayili zedolophu ku-realestate.com.au.
Nokuba iipropathi zedolophu edume kakubi zithengisa ngexabiso elingaphezulu kwexabiso elipapashiweyo!
Ezinye iiwebhusayithi ezithengisa izindlu nomhlaba ziya kupapasha "ireyithi yezaphulelo" kwezi ndawo. Ipesenti ephakathi ethengisa ipropathi ingaphantsi kwexabiso lokuthengisa.
Banokukunceda uthethathethane ngexabiso ukuba usebenzisa iarhente yomthengi.
Ngaphambi kokutyikitya, unokucela ikhontrakthi.
Imeko enye eqhelekileyo kukuba ukuthengisa "kuxhomekeke ekuvunyweni kwe-FIRB". Ukuze ucime ikhontrakthi xa uRhulumente wase-Australia engayamkeli. Ilizwe ngalinye lase-Australia linemithetho yalo yepropathi. Sebenzisa amava omthuthi wakho okanye igqwetha ukunceda. Yile nto bayizeleyo!
Inyathelo 7 -Fumana ulwamkelo ngokusesikweni kubambiso
Kuya kufuneka unike ikhontrakthi yokuthengisa kumthengisi wobambiso lwakho ukuze uqhubeke nokuvunywa ngokusesikweni. Ukuba ufumene ipropathi oza kuyithenga.
Yazi, sukuvuma ukuthenga ipropathi de ubambiso lwakho lwamkelwe ngokusesikweni.
I-immobilizer inokucinezela ukuba usayine, kuba 'abanye abathengi' bakhona, kodwa kuphela ukuba kukho ixesha lokupholisa.
Ngokwesiqhelo, sifumana i-ap esemthethweni xa ugqithisela ikhontrakthi yokuthengisa kuthi.
inyathelo 8
- Shintsha kwaye uhlawule iimvumelwano zakho zedipozithi
- Emva kokuba imali-mboleko yakho yamkelwe. Ungatshintsha ikhontrakthi yakho kwaye igqwetha lakho okanye umthuthi wakho uya kukukhokela.
- Kuya kufuneka ufake ifayile yediphozithi ye-10%.
- Imali yedipozithi inokuxoxisana kwaye iyahluka phakathi kwamazwe.
- Nceda uqaphele ukuba awunakukwazi ukwenza isipele wakuba uvumile ngesakhiwo. Ke cela ingcebiso zomthetho ngaphambi kokuba utyikitye naziphi na iikhontrakthi okanye uhlawule idipozithi yakho.
inyathelo 9
- Cela imvume kwi-FIRB
- Kubalulekile ukufaka igatya "phantsi kwemvume ye-FIRB" kwisivumelwano sakho. Oko kufuna iintsuku ezingama-30 kwisigqibo se-FIRB. Kufuneka uyityikitye.
- Okwangoku, kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ukuba isibonelelo sichaziwe. Ngumthuthi wakho okanye igqwetha lakho ngendlela engayi kulahla idipozithi.
- Umntu ophethe uxanduva lwakho kwisicelo esisiseko seFOOTB.
- Kuya kufuneka unikeze umbolekisi wakho ikopi yemvume phambi kokuba imali mboleko yakho iqhubele phambili.
inyathelo 10
Isigqibo sokugqibela
- Ukuba ikhontrakthi itshintshiwe. Thumela kwi-FIRB ukuze ufumane ikopi yesivumelwano esisayiniweyo.
- Emva kokuvunywa ngokusesikweni, ibhanki yakho ibiya kuthi ingenise isivumelwano semali-mboleko kuwe.
- Unokufumana uncedo kumphathi wakho okanye igqwetha okanye ucele umthengisi wempahla yakho ukuba ahambe nayo.
- Ukuba uhlala kwelinye ilizwe, kuya kufuneka undwendwele umzi wommeli wase-Australia.
- Unokutyumba umhlobo okanye isalamane esithembekileyo. Ngubani ohlala e-Australia kwaye banokusayina isivumelwano semali-mboleko kuwe.
- Unelungelo lokufumana iingcebiso zomthetho ezizimeleyo kwisivumelwano sakho semali-mboleko, kodwa
inyathelo 11
Indlela
Igama elithi "ukuhlawulwa" lisetyenziswa xa ipropathi ihambisa izandla kunye nemali mboleko yakho inyuselwa.
Oku kusingathwa ngokudibeneyo kunye nebhanki yakho kunye nomthengisi wobambiso. Ngumthuthi wakho okanye igqwetha lakho ukuze kungafuneki ukuba wenze njalo.
Ukukhusela ipropathi yakho kunye nezitshixo kufuneka zithathwe kwiarhente ethengisa. Umphathi wepropathi angaqala athengise iyunithi yabo banokuba ngabaqeshi.
Shiya iMpendulo